Metaphor:QUANTITY IS VERTICALITY
Aliases | QUANTITY IS VERTICALITY MORE IS UP (Metaphors We Live By,15-16) QUANTITY IS VERTICAL ELEVATION (Grady (1998)) |
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Description | |
Metaphor Level | |
Metaphor Type | Primary |
Experiential Basis | If you add more of a substance or of physical objects to a container or pile, the level goes up. |
Source Frame | Verticality Roles:vertical_axis, verticality_scale, scalar_position, vertical_entity
|
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Target Frame | Quantity Roles:entity, entity_amount, quantity_scale, measure_of_quantity
|
Mappings:
quantity_scale | <= | verticality_scale |
measure_of_quantity | <= | scalar_position |
Related Metaphors:
Current Metaphor | QUANTITY IS VERTICALITY |
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Relation Type | makes use of |
Related Metaphor | CHANGE OF STATE IS CHANGE OF LOCATION |
Description | Increase and decrease of quantity is upwards and downwards movement. |
Entailments:
Target Entailment | greater quantities |
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Source Inference | Higher point(s) along a vertical scale |
Type of Inferential Structure | aligned scales |
Entailed Metaphor(s) | MORE IS UP |
Target Entailment | lesser quantities |
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Source Inference | Lower point(s) along a vertical scale |
Type of Inferential Structure | aligned scales |
Entailed Metaphor(s) | LESS IS DOWN |
Examples:
Example Text: | The number of books printed each year keeps going up. |
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Provenance: | Metaphors We Live By (15) |
Example Text: | His income fell last year. |
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Provenance: | Metaphors We Live By (15-16) |
Graph of related metaphors:
digraph meta4tggrph { rankdir="BT" n1 [label="Quantity" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Quantity" fontsize="10.0" penwidth=2 style="filled" fillcolor="lightgray" ]; n2 [label="Scale" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Scale" fontsize="10.0" ];
n1 -> n2 [label = "makes use of" fontsize="8.0" color="green" ]; }
digraph meta4graph { rankdir="BT" n1 [label="LESS IS DOWN" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Metaphor:LESS_IS_DOWN" fontsize="10.0" shape="box"]; n2 [label="QUANTITY IS VERTICALITY" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Metaphor:QUANTITY_IS_VERTICALITY" fontsize="10.0" shape="box"penwidth=2 style="filled" fillcolor="lightgray" ];
n1 -> n2 [label = "is an entailment of" fontsize="8.0" color="orange" ]; n3 [label="MORE IS UP" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Metaphor:MORE_IS_UP" fontsize="10.0" shape="box"];
n3 -> n2 [label = "is an entailment of" fontsize="8.0" color="orange" ]; n4 [label="WELL-BEING IS VERTICALITY" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Metaphor:WELL-BEING_IS_VERTICALITY" fontsize="10.0" shape="box"];
n4 -> n2 [label = "is related to" fontsize="8.0" constraint=false color="dimgray" ]; n5 [label="CHANGE OF STATE IS CHANGE OF LOCATION" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Metaphor:CHANGE_OF_STATE_IS_CHANGE_OF_LOCATION" fontsize="10.0" shape="box"];
n2 -> n5 [label = "makes use of" fontsize="8.0" color="green" ]; }
digraph meta4srcgrph { rankdir="BT" n1 [label="Downward motion" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Downward_motion" fontsize="10.0" ]; n2 [label="Verticality" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Verticality" fontsize="10.0" penwidth=2 style="filled" fillcolor="lightgray" ];
n1 -> n2 [label = "makes use of" fontsize="8.0" color="green" ]; n3 [label="Upright posture" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Upright_posture" fontsize="10.0" ];
n3 -> n2 [label = "is subcase of" fontsize="8.0" color="magenta" ]; n4 [label="Upward motion" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Upward_motion" fontsize="10.0" ];
n4 -> n2 [label = "makes use of" fontsize="8.0" color="green" ]; n5 [label="Vertical position" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Vertical_position" fontsize="10.0" ];
n5 -> n2 [label = "makes use of" fontsize="8.0" color="green" ]; n6 [label="Motion along a path" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Motion_along_a_path" fontsize="10.0" ];
n2 -> n6 [label = "makes use of" fontsize="8.0" color="green" ]; n7 [label="Trajector landmark" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Trajector_landmark" fontsize="10.0" ];
n2 -> n7 [label = "makes use of" fontsize="8.0" color="green" ]; n8 [label="Scale" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Scale" fontsize="10.0" ];
n2 -> n8 [label = "incorporates as a role" fontsize="8.0" ]; }
Entailment | greater quantities (Higher point(s) along a vertical scale, aligned scales, MORE IS UP) + and lesser quantities (Lower point(s) along a vertical scale, aligned scales, LESS IS DOWN) + |
Example | English (The number of books printed each year keeps going up., ?, ?, Metaphors We Live By (15), ?, ?, ?) + and English (His income fell last year., ?, ?, Metaphors We Live By (15-16), ?, ?, ?) + |
Has source frame | Frame:Verticality + |
Has target frame | Frame:Quantity + |
Mapping | quantity_scale (verticality_scale, ?) + and measure_of_quantity (scalar_position, ?) + |
Metaphor.Alias | QUANTITY IS VERTICALITY (?) +, MORE IS UP (Metaphors We Live By) + and QUANTITY IS VERTICAL ELEVATION (Grady (1998)) + |
Metaphor.Experiential basis | If you add more of a substance or of physical objects to a container or pile, the level goes up. + |
Metaphor.Investigated for | English + |
Metaphor.Source frame | Frame:Verticality + |
Metaphor.Target frame | Frame:Quantity + |
Metaphor.Type | Primary + |
Related metaphor | makes use of (CHANGE OF STATE IS CHANGE OF LOCATION, Increase and decrease of quantity is upwards and downwards movement.) + |
Has subobject "Has subobject" is a predefined property representing a container construct that allows to accumulate property-value assignments similar to that of a normal wiki page. | Metaphor:QUANTITY IS VERTICALITY#Is_example_of + |