Metaphor:TAXATION IS A BURDEN

Name Gloss	TAXATION IS A BURDEN
Name Transcription
Aliases
Description
Metaphor Level
Metaphor Type	Composed/complex
Experiential Basis

Source Frame	Burden Roles:burdened_entity, burden, weight_of_burden, relation_burden_to_burdened
Target Frame	Taxation Roles:taxer, tax_payer, tax, tax_rate, tax_payment, tax_collection, regulation

Mappings:

tax_payer	<=	burdened_entity

tax	<=	burden

Related Metaphors:

Current Metaphor	TAXATION IS A BURDEN
Relation Type	is a source subcase of
Related Metaphor	TAXATION IS CAUSING HARM
Description

Current Metaphor	TAXATION IS A BURDEN
Relation Type	is a target subcase of
Related Metaphor	RESPONSIBILITIES ARE BURDENS
Description

Current Metaphor	TAXATION IS A BURDEN
Relation Type	is a target subcase of
Related Metaphor	DIFFICULTIES IN ACTION ARE PHYSICAL BURDENS
Description

Entailments:

Target Entailment	(obligation of) paying taxes negatively affects the taxpayer
Source Inference	presence of burden negatively affects burdened_entity's ability to move or act
Type of Inferential Structure
Entailed Metaphor(s)

Target Entailment	amount of taxes is related to degree to which taxpayer is affected
Source Inference	weight of burden is related to degree of (negative) effect; heavy burdens have more effect than lighter ones
Type of Inferential Structure	scalar
Entailed Metaphor(s)

Examples:

Example Text:	According to the Tax Foundation, Texas residents on average shoulder the fifth lowest tax burden compared to other residents in the 50 states.
Transcription:
English Translation:
Provenance:	http://www.ci.garland.tx.us/business/profile/afford/tax.asp
Annotation:
Comments:

Example Text:	The Obama campaign is taking a swipe at Mitt Romney's tax plan in a new television ad, saying it will create a "heavy load" for the middle class.
Transcription:
English Translation:
Provenance:	http://thehill.com/video/campaign/247159-obama-campaign-hits-romney-tax-plan-for-the-middle-class (Heavy load middle class)
Annotation:
Comments:

Example Text:	President Obama decided to target certain and specific products or services he deems unhealthy and levied heavy taxes on them.
Transcription:
English Translation:
Provenance:	http://usconservatives.about.com/od/economytaxes/a/A-List-Of-Barack-Obamas-First-Term-Tax-Increases.htm (Heavy taxes)
Annotation:
Comments:

Example Text:	Remember when President Obama literally laughed out loud at the idea his health-care plan would impose taxes on the middle class?
Transcription:
English Translation:
Provenance:	http://www.redstate.com/2013/04/02/beware-the-gun-tax/ (Impose taxes)
Annotation:
Comments:

Example Text:	The new president delivered on his tax cut promises, which, combined with a recession in 2001, caused the tax burden to fall considerably.
Transcription:
English Translation:
Provenance:	http://taxfoundation.org/article/tax-freedom-day-2013-april-18-five-days-later-last-year (Tax burden)
Annotation:
Comments:

Example Text:	New Taxes Burdensome for Farm and Ranch Families
Transcription:
English Translation:
Provenance:	http://www.fb.org/index.php?action=newsroom.news&year=2013&file=nr0305b.html (Taxes burdensome)
Annotation:
Comments:

---

Graph of related metaphors:

• Target frame
• Metaphors
• Source frame

digraph meta4tggrph { rankdir="BT" n1 [label="Taxes" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Taxes" fontsize="10.0" ]; n2 [label="Taxation" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Taxation" fontsize="10.0" penwidth=2 style="filled" fillcolor="lightgray" ];

n1 -> n2 [label = "is a perspective on" fontsize="8.0" ]; n3 [label="Governing action" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Governing_action" fontsize="10.0" ];

n2 -> n3 [label = "is subcase of" fontsize="8.0" color="magenta" ]; n4 [label="Legislation enactment" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Legislation_enactment" fontsize="10.0" ];

n2 -> n4 [label = "makes use of" fontsize="8.0" color="green" ]; n5 [label="Negatively evaluated condition" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Negatively_evaluated_condition" fontsize="10.0" ];

n2 -> n5 [label = "makes use of" fontsize="8.0" color="green" ]; }

digraph meta4graph { rankdir="BT" n1 [label="TAXATION IS A BURDEN" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Metaphor:TAXATION_IS_A_BURDEN" fontsize="10.0" shape="box"penwidth=2 style="filled" fillcolor="lightgray" ]; n2 [label="TAXATION IS CAUSING HARM" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Metaphor:TAXATION_IS_CAUSING_HARM" fontsize="10.0" shape="box"];

n1 -> n2 [label = "is a source subcase of" fontsize="8.0" color="magenta" ]; n3 [label="RESPONSIBILITIES ARE BURDENS" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Metaphor:RESPONSIBILITIES_ARE_BURDENS" fontsize="10.0" shape="box"];

n1 -> n3 [label = "is a target subcase of" fontsize="8.0" color="magenta" ]; n4 [label="DIFFICULTIES IN ACTION ARE PHYSICAL BURDENS" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Metaphor:DIFFICULTIES_IN_ACTION_ARE_PHYSICAL_BURDENS" fontsize="10.0" shape="box"];

n1 -> n4 [label = "is a target subcase of" fontsize="8.0" color="magenta" ]; }

digraph meta4srcgrph { rankdir="BT" n1 [label="Remove burden" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Remove_burden" fontsize="10.0" ]; n2 [label="Burden" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Burden" fontsize="10.0" penwidth=2 style="filled" fillcolor="lightgray" ];

n1 -> n2 [label = "is a perspective on" fontsize="8.0" ]; n3 [label="Weight" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Weight" fontsize="10.0" ];

n2 -> n3 [label = "makes use of" fontsize="8.0" color="green" ]; n4 [label="Motion-affecting objects" URL="/pub/en/index.php/Frame:Motion-affecting_objects" fontsize="10.0" ];

n2 -> n4 [label = "is subcase of" fontsize="8.0" color="magenta" ]; }